In this talk, I will be reflecting on current research on the links between archaeology, coloniality and colonization in the Eastern Mediterranean, in the past two centuries. I will be suggesting that while in the last few decades research focused primarily on nationalism and archaeology, in more recent years we see a shift towards broader but related issues such as colonialism but also race and racialization, and their entanglements with archaeological traces and archaeological practices. This welcoming development allows us to connect with broader global discussions which interrogate the position of archaeology within the western regime of coloniality and white supremacy, and explore the possibilities of a decolonial archaeology. Such an archaeology is often inspired by indigenous thinking and cosmological understanding from the Global South. I will be suggesting that the Eastern Mediterranean and its official as well as indigenous archaeologies, viewed within this global framework, have much to offer to the debate, complicating the binarisms between the West and the Rest, and colonizer and colonized. And while the current moment we are all experiencing, witnessing the on-going genocide in Palestine (in which archaeology is deeply implicated), can often cause despair and paralysis, I will be ending with a more hopeful message: a message that celebrates the communal endeavor for a decolonial archaeology of refusal, care, and repair.